How to profoundly change the beliefs of the polytheists during the age of revelation from the denial of the Prophet (pbuh) to the certainty of his Message and the acceptance of his full guardianship is a question worthy of attention. The order of verses about prophecy based on the order of revelation is the reason to lead a transformative process and a special Quranic method in institutionalizing the belief of prophecy in the lives of Arabs. In the first stage, the HOLY Quran in the first Makkī (Arabic: المکّیّ, SURAs revealed in Mecca) chapters has prepared the community from the motivational side to accept the truth of the Prophet’s (pbuh) prophecy and briefly stating the key issues surrounding it. The HOLY Book of Quran at the time of the emergence of oppositions and doubts (the second stage) destroyed the arguments of the polytheists and explained the prophecy and proved its authenticity from a cognitive perspective in the second stage by presenting clear arguments. and the HOLY Book of Quran in the third stage after Madanī (Arabic: المدنیّ, SURAs revealed in Medina) period has undertaken measures in order to fulfill the goals of the Massage by explaining the true position of the Prophet (pbuh) to deepen and operationalize the Prophetic belief through explaining practical duties for the Prophet (pbuh) and behavior based on the acceptance of Walaya (Arabic: ولایة, meaning “guardianship” or “governance”).

The intellect is the distinguishing feature of man from animals which has not been found anything more harmful than wine for intellect and the descent of man into the position of animalism is the result of that. Wine has always been forbidden in the heavenly religions based on this, however, the time and manner of declaring its prohibition in Islam has led to the confrontation of two viewpoints in the instant prohibition with the intoxicate of sleep in the sense of the state of being intoxicated (Arabic: سُکارَی) in verse 4:43 An-Nisāʾ (Arabic: النساء, An-Nisāʾ) and gradual prohibition with the intoxicate of wine. The findings of this research by a library study and descriptive analytical method indicate the accuracy of the theory of instant prohibition with Quranic, narrational proofs and rational confirmations and historical evidence in declaring the prohibition of wine in Makkī (Arabic: المکّیّ, SURAs revealed in Mecca) verses in early Biʿtha (Arabic: بِعثة) and its emphasizing in verse 5:90 Al-Maʾidah (Arabic: المائدة, Al-Māʾidah). In contrast, the inaccuracy of the theory of gradual prohibition of wine was proved due to its content contradiction and opposition to the HOLY Book of Quran, because it is stated, on the one hand, that wine in the first stage was forbidden during the prayer time with the revelation of verse 43 of An-Nisāʾ, the sixth Madanī (Arabic: المدنیّ, SURAs revealed in Medina) SURAh in order to justify the gradual theory with the gradual rational law, but on the other hand, it is stated to the absolute prohibition of wine in its verse 219 and also in some Makkī verses by violating the law of gradualness, by declaring that SURAh Al-Baqarah is one of the first Madanī Chapters (SURAs) according to consensus that was revealed after the Hijrah (Arabic: الهجرة). Consequently, the occasions or circumstances of revelations in Sunni exegeses by negation the intoxication of wine in gradual theory have subjective exit from this verse for the motivation of defense of drinking wine of some people and the unjust attribution to others by incorrect justifying the allowance of wine until the revelation of verse 43 of An-Nisāʾ in Medina. Therefore, the distinction between declaring the prohibition of wine in Mecca in early Biʿtha and the delay of several years of execution of Ḥadd (fixed punishment) of Khmer (the drinking of alcohol, shurb khamr) in Medina in instant theory, in addition to creating strong motivation in leaving and religious final notice has also been a kind of educational method of Islam. While the announcement of the absolute prohibition of wine at the same time as the implementation of its Ḥadd (fixed punishment) with the revelation of verse 90 of Al-Maʾidah from the last Madanī SURAhs (SURAh Madaniyah) or Madani chapters in the gradual theory is against the educational method expected by them. The unjustifiable consumption of some companions of drinking wine in Medina until the revelation of the prohibition verse in addition to the achievement of the Quranic theory of Saib Tabrizi (Persian: صائب تبریزی, Romanized: Ṣāʾib Tabrīzī) is among the consequences of proving instant theory of the prohibition wine.

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with social progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and social analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of social capital in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of social capital and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

Four important ways of religious education in the field of beliefs are inferred in this article through the nature of religion in the HOLY Quran. We have examined two categories of “nature of religion” and “methods of religious education” for this purpose. All verses including the root of “د ـ ی ـ ن” (religion) have been investigated in order to properly understand the nature of religion in the HOLY Quran. Then, we have benefited from the inference method to find the ways of religious education in the HOLY Quran. In the inferential method, we have reached the “conclusion”, which is the method of religious education by using two premises, “normative” and “realistic”. The solutions of the HOLY Quran to achieve the methods of religious education are explained in the following. For example, using the Scriptures directly to know the right actions is one of the solutions of the HOLY Quran to reach the way of believing in the punishment of deeds. The achievement of religious education methods through discovering the nature of religion and explaining the purpose of education on the one hand and using the inferential method as a research method on the other hand is one of the innovations of this research. The achievements of this paper can be used to provide an educational theoretical model for formal and public education system.

Explaining the meaning of “Clear Arabic Language” (Arabic: لسان عربیّ مبین) in the HOLY Quran according to the opinions of the commentators (the scholars who interpret the HOLY Book of Quran) and the semantic functions of the words is the main issue of this research. Differences of opinion of commentators (Arabic: مفسّر; plural: Arabic: مفسّرون, Romanized: mufassirūn) and citing their views for different reasons necessitated this research. The present article has been studied and evaluated the opinions of the commentators in interpreting the verse and considers their views about “Clear Arabic Language” (Arabic: لسان عربیّ مبین) in four parts. These include: Taḥaddī (Arabic: تحدّی, The Quranic Challenge), the language of the audience and the place of revelation, the honor and capacities of the Arabic language, the eloquence and explicitness of the specific language of the Qur'an. The results of the research show that the “Clear Arabic Language” beyond the opinions of the commentators is a common understanding that has revealed the superhuman language of revelation through human conversational style and considered the universal characteristics, transhumanism, transhistorical of the HOLY Book of Quran while considering the conditions and understanding of the audience. Paying attention to the Quranic meaning of related words and narrations as well as Saussure’s linguistic point of view can confirm the recent meaning.

The addition of the infinitive to the subject or object is one of the syntactic structures in which accuracy plays an important role in the correct understanding the meaning of the verses of the HOLY Quran. Sometimes there is disagreement among the scholars who interpret the HOLY Book of Quran in determining whether the infinitive is added to the subject or to the object. Translators have sometimes provided an inadequate translation. This article has tried to discover ways to resolve the difference in determining the qualificative role of genitive case and also to provide an expressive translation of this structure by using a descriptive-analytical-critical method and by examining a number of infinitives added to the subject or object in the HOLY Quran. The solutions to resolve the dispute are as follows: Paying attention to how the sentences relate to each other, paying attention to the citation of the subject in the verse, paying attention to the reason for using rhetorical devices in the verse, paying attention to the interpretive context (the context of the discussed verse, the guiding purpose of the SURAh), paying attention to the verses and narrations of the same subject of the verse and paying attention to the requirements of servant politeness. The use of these solutions in order to provide a correct and expressive translation of the infinitive structure added to the subject or the object is necessary: The use of verb in the translation of the infinitive, the use of an appropriate word for translation of the pronoun, the use of an appropriate word in addition to the accompanying added infinitive, the use of the explanations in parentheses, the avoidance of compression writing and the avoidance of literal translation.

Resistance is one of the fundamental Quranic values in the cause of the development of the Islamic society and the formation of the Islamic civilization, which means standing and resisting against something has upset the balance in internal and external dimensions. The formation of this value in the society as one of the methods of the conventional model of human life in the fields of human life; So that its manifestation can be observed in the totality of social behaviors, it is called the culture of resistance (Problem statement). The purpose of this article is the achievement of the engineering process of this value in a society based on the growth-oriented thought (ideological) system of the HOLY Quran (Purpose). Now the question is what process does the HOLY Quran propose in order to engineer the culture of resistance in the society? (Question). The necessity of examining this issue is clear considering the emphasis of religious teachings on this value and the need for Islamic societies, especially considering the current conditions of Islam and the need for convergence and coordination between the resistance front (Necessity). The research method in stating the engineering process and its components is qualitative content analysis with an analogy approach (Method). The findings of the research show that the engineering process of resistance culture is based on a self-awareness and purposefulness, according to the idea of Quranic growth, in a three-stage process that leads to the happiness of man and human society (Conclusion).

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از مسائلی که دانشمندان حوزه ی علوم قرآن از همان ابتدای نزول توجه ویژه ای به آن داشته اند، نظم قرآنی و ارتباط آن با مسئله ی اعجاز است تا اینکه این مهم نزد عبدالقاهر جرجانی به اوج خود رسید؛ چه وی با اسلوبی منطقی آن را سامان داد و نظریه ای ارائه کرد. در این مقاله کوشش شده است تا ضمن اشاره به نظم، تعریف آن و بیان دیدگاه علما در این زمینه با روش توصیفیتحلیلی و با نظر به اجزای سه گانه ی این نظریه یعنی واژه، ترکیب و معنی آن را در سوره ی مبارکه زمر بررسی و با دقت علمی تبیین کند. مهم ترین یافته های پژوهش بر وجود هماهنگی و انسجام در سطوح مختلف چون واژگان، عبارات و معنی رهنمون است و اینکه این هماهنگی و نظم در به کارگیری اسالیب مختلف زبانی کاملاً نمود داشته است، مضاف بر آنکه تصاویر بیانی زیبا با عبارات و تعابیر دقیق برای بیان مفاهیم والا و ارزش های متعالی همراه شده است.

قرآن کریم یکی از حوزه های فعال و پردامنة مطالعات ادبی و زبان شناختی است که محققان بسیاری بدان تمایل پیدا کرده اند. یکی از زمینه های مطرح در این خصوص، نگاه «بینامتنیت» به این کتاب آسمانی است. بینامتنیت یکی از پدیده های زبان است که به روابط بین متون پرداخته است و هر متنی را خوانشی از متون دیگر می داند. میراث دینی یکی از مهم ترین مراجع الهام شاعران و نویسندگان از دیرباز بوده است و قرآن کریم در رأس این میراث دینی قرار دارد و شاعران شیعه از این میراث، بیش از سایر شاعران الهام گرفته اند. علی بن عیسی اربلی از شاعران بزرگ و محدثان برجسته شیعه و نیز از بزرگان علمای امامیه و صاحب اثر گرانقدر کشف الغمه است که از این امر مستثنی نبوده است. بنابراین، بررسی و تبیین وام گیری این شاعر برجسته شیعه از قرآن کریم با روش توصیفی تحلیلی از اهداف مقاله حاضر است. از مهم ترین نتایج پژوهش، این حقیقت است که إربلی در اشعار خود به واژگان و مضامین قرآنی و ساختارهای دستوری قرآن اهتمام فراوانی داشته است و بین اشعار او و قرآن کریم روابط بینامتنی مختلفی روی داده است؛ بدین صورت که گاه واژگان و الفاظ قرآنی و گاهی عبارت ها و ترکیب های قرآنی را به کار برده و گاهی به حوادث و شخصیت های قرآنی اشاره داشته و گاهی نیز تنها، مضمون آیه را در نظر داشته است. ایشان در مواردی معدود نیز به ساختار دستوری آیه توجه کرده است تا این حقیقت را به اثبات برساند که شاعران مسلمان و بخصوص شیعه، پیوندی ناگسستنی با قرآن دارند و از آیات قرآنی برای قداست بخشیدن به اشعار خویش و نیز غنای ساختاری و معنایی آن بهره فراوان برده اند.